{"id":256,"date":"2026-04-06T16:46:37","date_gmt":"2026-04-06T16:46:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gandhitva.com\/?page_id=256"},"modified":"2026-04-06T17:38:25","modified_gmt":"2026-04-06T17:38:25","slug":"life-of-gandhi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/gandhitva.com\/hi\/life-of-gandhi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"256\" class=\"elementor elementor-256\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ae817f5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4ae817f5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4aefcb82 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4aefcb82\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2eb168f2 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2eb168f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f752be elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0f752be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"https:\/\/gandhitva.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mahatma-Gandhi-1024x683.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-134\" alt=\"Mahatma Gandhi\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gandhitva.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mahatma-Gandhi-1024x683.webp 1024w, https:\/\/gandhitva.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mahatma-Gandhi-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/gandhitva.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mahatma-Gandhi-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/gandhitva.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Mahatma-Gandhi.webp 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11b6a4e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"11b6a4e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ceec348 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"ceec348\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;expanded&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. 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xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2160\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1dbb13d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1dbb13d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b7204e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b7204e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"1004\" data-end=\"1406\">\u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 \u092a\u0930 \u0916\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0924\u092c \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e \u091c\u092c \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928\u0940 \u0909\u0938 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0915\u094b \u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908\u0964.<\/p><p data-start=\"1408\" data-end=\"1763\">\u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0917\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0907\u0924\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0938\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u092f\u0939 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u0938\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u0935\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u0930\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948: \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092d\u093e \u092f\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938, \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e-\u0928\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923, \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0940\u092f \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0943\u0922\u093c \u0916\u094b\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2161\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2161\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928-\u092a\u094b\u0937\u0923 <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2161\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a22975c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a22975c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e67e0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e67e0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"1795\" data-end=\"2201\">\u092e\u094b\u0939\u0928\u0926\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u092e\u091a\u0902\u0926 \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e 2 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 1869 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0924\u091f \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0920\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0935\u093e\u0921\u093c \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094b\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0925\u0947: \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e, \u0915\u0930\u092e\u091a\u0902\u0926 \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940, \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0926 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0964 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0901, \u092a\u0941\u0924\u0932\u0940\u092c\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u092e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0964.<\/p><p data-start=\"2203\" data-end=\"2556\">\u0932\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0936\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0932\u0947, \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0940, \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0910\u0938\u0940 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940-\u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902: \u0927\u094b\u0916\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0918\u0943\u0923\u093e, \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u093e, \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u0935\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u091a\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092d\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0926\u0924\u0964.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2162\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2162\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \u092f\u0941\u0935\u093e\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2162\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-520fd16 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"520fd16\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fccb6e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fccb6e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"2594\" data-end=\"3001\">\u092e\u0948\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0932\u0926\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0949\u0932\u0947\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0935\u0947 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0939\u091c \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091f\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u090f\u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0932\u093e\u0939\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u091d\u093e\u0935 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u092f\u0926\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0926\u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0932\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0948\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u094b\u0917\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947, \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u0902\u092d\u0940\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u092e\u093e\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0930, \u0936\u0930\u093e\u092c \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u094c\u0928 \u0926\u0941\u0930\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0964.<\/p><p data-start=\"3003\" data-end=\"3341\">\u0935\u0939 4 \u0938\u093f\u0924\u0902\u092c\u0930 1888 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u0909\u0925\u092e\u094d\u092a\u094d\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0930\u0935\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0941\u090f, \u092d\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0918\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u091f\u0915\u0930\u093e\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0941\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0907\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0930\u0916\u093e \u092d\u0940\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u090f \u0935\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0925\u093e\u092e\u0947 \u0930\u0916\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0905\u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0930\u0940\u0924\u093f-\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0922\u0932\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0964.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2163\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2163\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \u092a\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0937\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0939\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0930 <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2163\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03aee5a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"03aee5a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88af05c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"88af05c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"3380\" data-end=\"3828\">\u091c\u092c \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0932\u094c\u091f\u0947, \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0924\u093e \u091a\u0932\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0907\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0927\u0928 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u090f\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0938\u0947 \u091b\u0941\u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u092c\u0902\u092c\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u094b\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092f\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u0936\u0947\u0935\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u0939\u094d\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0924\u0915 \u200b\u200b\u0915\u093f \u0905\u0926\u093e\u0932\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0918\u092c\u0930\u093e\u0939\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u094b\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/p><p data-start=\"3830\" data-end=\"4120\">\u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0930 \u0926\u094c\u0930 \u0924\u092c \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u091c\u092c \u0926\u093e\u0926\u093e \u0905\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e \u090f\u0902\u0921 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u092e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0947\u0936\u0915\u0936 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0948\u0932 1893 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u091c \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u0932\u0947 \u0917\u090f\u0964 \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0947\u0936\u0947\u0935\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0932\u0917 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0925\u093e, \u0935\u0939 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u092e\u094b\u0921\u093c \u092c\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e\u0964.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2164\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"5\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2164\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u092f <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2164\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c25a2f8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c25a2f8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-150fa90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"150fa90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"4172\" data-end=\"4526\">\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u092f\u0941\u0935\u093e \u092c\u0948\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0932\u094b\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u0915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0907\u0928 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928\u0940 \u0930\u094b\u091c\u0917\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e, \u0935\u0939 \u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947-\u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u092f\u093e, \u091c\u094b \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f, \u0917\u0930\u093f\u092e\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092d\u0947\u0926\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0935\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0932\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964.<\/p><p data-start=\"4528\" data-end=\"4951\">\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0908 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926, \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0932\u0917\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0905\u092c \u0935\u0947 \u091c\u093f\u0938 \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u091a\u0941\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902, \u0909\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0940\u091b\u0947 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u091f \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u094c\u091f\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u0940, \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u0905\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0907\u0938 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u094b\u091f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0905\u0926\u093e\u0932\u0924 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0930\u0939\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2165\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"6\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2165\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u092a\u0938 \u0906\u0913 <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2165\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5b4227 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a5b4227\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-836a10c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"836a10c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"4978\" data-end=\"5410\">\u091c\u092c \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940 1915 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0932\u094c\u091f\u0947, \u0924\u094b \u0935\u0947 \u0909\u0938 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0925\u0947 \u091c\u094b 1893 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091a\u0932\u0947 \u0917\u090f \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0918\u0930 \u0932\u094c\u091f\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0940 \u0907\u091a\u094d\u091b\u093e \u0925\u0940: \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u092f\u0939 \u092d\u0940 \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0917\u094b\u0916\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0932\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f, \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092c\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964.<\/p><p data-start=\"5412\" data-end=\"5720\">\u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939 \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0927\u0948\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0915\u0930, \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0915\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u0916\u0915\u0930 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0906\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940, \u0906\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925-\u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0907\u0938 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2166\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"7\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2166\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0924\u093e <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2166\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1b6cf3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f1b6cf3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c36eb1e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c36eb1e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"5753\" data-end=\"6141\">\u0930\u094c\u0932\u091f \u092c\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 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\u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092e\u093e\u092a\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e; \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0935\u091c\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0940 \u0928\u092f\u093e \u0906\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2167\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"8\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2167\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \u0907\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0932\u0948\u0902\u0921 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2167\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f96362 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4f96362\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d327dad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d327dad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"6598\" data-end=\"6976\">\u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0905\u092c \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940-\u0907\u0930\u0935\u093f\u0928 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0917\u094b\u0932\u092e\u0947\u091c \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0932\u0902\u0926\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092f\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947, \u0907\u0938 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\u0926\u0947\u0916\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0926\u0940\u0964.<\/p><p data-start=\"6978\" data-end=\"7229\">\u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0942 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u091c\u093e\u0917\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948: \u0938\u093e\u0926\u0917\u0940, \u0939\u093e\u0938\u094d\u092f, \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e\u091c\u094b\u0936\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u0964 \u092d\u0932\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u0914\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0936 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u094b, \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u091a\u0930\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u091b\u093e\u092a \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0930\u0916\u093e\u0964.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2168\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"9\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2168\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u091b\u094b\u0921\u093c\u094b <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-2168\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85375a3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"85375a3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3b4338 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b3b4338\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940, \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u093f\u0936 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0928\u0948\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0922\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-2169\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"10\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-2169\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0939\u093e\u0926\u0924 <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 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\u092d\u0940 \u0928\u094b\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0947 15 \u0905\u0917\u0938\u094d\u0924 1947 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0936\u094d\u0928 \u092e\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e, \u0917\u093e\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0915\u0932\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u0947, \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0939\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f \u0909\u092a\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0925\u0947\u0964.<\/p><p data-start=\"8372\" data-end=\"8674\">\u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940 1948 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0926\u094d\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 30 \u091c\u0928\u0935\u0930\u0940 1948 \u0915\u094b, \u092c\u093f\u0921\u093c\u0932\u093e \u0939\u093e\u0909\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908\u0964 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u0947\u0939\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0936\u092c\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0907\u0938 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Life of Mahatma Gandhi Introduction Gandhi\u2019s life stands at the meeting point of personal discipline and public history. He was born when British rule in India seemed firmly established, and he died after India had become free. The source biography presents that span not just as the story of one political leader, but as [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-256","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_hostinger_reach_plugin_has_subscription_block":false,"_hostinger_reach_plugin_is_elementor":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gandhitva.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/256","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gandhitva.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gandhitva.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gandhitva.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gandhitva.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=256"}],"version-history":[{"count":43,"href":"https:\/\/gandhitva.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/256\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":348,"href":"https:\/\/gandhitva.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/256\/revisions\/348"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gandhitva.com\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=256"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}